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  • 1.
    Diagnosis and treatment strategy for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
    Jun Wu, Hanjiao Qin, Jiyao Sheng
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2021, 10 (01): 1-5. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2021.01.001
    Abstract (92) HTML (8) PDF (1063 KB) (177)
  • 2.
    Minilap-assisted two-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy
    Yang Chen
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2021, 10 (04): 432-432. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2020008
    Abstract (693) HTML (0) PDF (1009 KB) (66)

    胆囊结石合并慢性胆囊炎的常规治疗是三孔或四孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)。近年来单孔或减孔LC蓬勃发展,但大多需依赖特殊器械(多通道Trocar、弯曲器械等)或自制手套,且多个平行器械间的"筷子效应"常难以避免。针对上述问题,本单位摸索出两种改良术式——常规器械下经脐两侧"括弧样入路"隐疤LC和Minilap辅助两孔LC。本视频采用Minilap针型抓持器取代传统的右上腹5 mm胆囊抓钳,必要时辅以荷包线缝吊胆囊壶腹浆肌层向右上方牵引以加强胆囊三角暴露,其余操作要领基本同传统三孔LC,故容易习得并推广。本方法集三孔及单孔LC的优点,更重要的是规避了各自的不足,既不"为了单孔而单孔",也不"为了小切口而小切口",从而实现了微创性、美观性、安全性、便利性、经济性的高度统一,适用于绝大多数胆囊良性疾病的外科治疗。

  • 3.
    Recent progress and dispute in differentiating autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreas cancer
    Mengyu Feng, Taiping Zhang, Yupei Zhao
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2019, 08 (03): 179-182. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2019.03.001
    Abstract (56) HTML (4) PDF (1075 KB) (49)
  • 4.
    Application of retrograde separation along space between Laennec's capsule and cystic plate combined with Pringle maneuver in difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy (video attached)
    Houping Zhou, Yuan Yuan, Tingzheng Ou, Beibei Li, Mingming Shang, Benneng Yao, Xin Song, Xuemei Luo
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (05): 540-544. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.05.013
    Abstract (504) HTML (24) PDF (1469 KB) (44)
    Objective

    To evaluate the clinical application value of retrograde separation along the space between Laennec's capsule and cystic plate combined with Pringle maneuver in difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).

    Methods

    Clinical data of 98 patients undergoing LC in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University from June 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them,36 patients were male and 62 female, aged 24-85 years with a median age of 49 years. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received. All patients were divided into the study group (n=58) and control group (n=40) according to surgical procedures. In the study group, LC was performed by using retrograde separation along the space between Laennec's capsule and cystic plate combined with Pringle maneuver, and conventional LC was carried out in the control group. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss between two groups were compared by t test. The incidence of postoperative complications was compared by Fisher's exact probability test.

    Results

    No conversion to open surgery was performed in the study group, and 6 cases in the control group and significant difference was observed (P=0.004). In the study group, the average operation time, intraoperative blood loss and the length of postoperative hospital stay were (63±9) min, (17±6) ml and (7.1±0.9) d, which were significantly less than (80±8) min, (47±6) ml and (7.5±0.9) d in the control group (t=-9.75, -25.25, -2.02; P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the postoperative drainage volume, postoperative liver function and incidence of postoperative complications between two groups (P>0.05).

    Conclusions

    Application of retrograde separation along the space between Laennec's capsule and cystic plate combined with Pringle maneuver in difficult LC can effectively control the intraoperative bleeding, contribute to achieving safe separation and protecting vital tracts, reduce conversion rate to open surgery, effectively shorten operation time and accelerate postoperative recovery.

  • 5.
    Early diagnosis and screening of hepatocellular carcinoma
    Chengming Ding, Jiafeng Hou, Guangwei Tao
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (01): 22-28. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.01.005
    Abstract (124) HTML (0) PDF (1385 KB) (34)

    原发性肝癌(肝癌)包括肝细胞癌(HCC)、肝内胆管细胞癌(ICC)和混合型3种,其中HCC占85%~90%[1]。肝癌具有较高的发病率,居全球恶性肿瘤的第6位,而中国肝癌患者约占全世界肝癌患者的50%左右,且发病率呈现不断上升趋势[2]。此外,肝癌病死率亦居高不下,其5年生存率仅为10%左右,居中国常见恶性肿瘤致死率的第2位[3]。究其原因为肝癌起病隐匿,疾病进展快,初期常很难发现,确诊时基本已发展至中晚期。实现肝癌的早期发现、精准诊断、根治性治疗,是有效提高肝癌患者5年生存率及生活质量的重要手段。本文总结和分析了近年多种HCC早期诊断方法,旨在为HCC早期诊疗提供临床依据。

  • 6.
    Timing of repair for iatrogenic biliary duct injury
    Wenzheng Liu, Yongjun Chen
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2022, 11 (06): 555-558. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2022.06.005
    Abstract (76) HTML (0) PDF (1375 KB) (26)

    1905年Mayo首次报道2例胆总管十二指肠吻合修复胆囊切除术导致的医源性胆管损伤(iatrogenic bile duct injury,IBDI)。其后IBDI经历了两次发生高峰,分别是20世纪60年代开腹胆囊切除术和90年代腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)广泛开展时。目前,LC致IBDI发生率为0.104%~0.38%,占全部IBDI的80%~85%,成为导致IBDI的首要原因[1]。站在手术者的角度,手术过程中曾发生IBDI的外科医师占72.3%~80%[2]。但由于IBDI统计的难度,实际发生率可能更高。此外胃大部切除术、肝破裂修补术、肝切除术、ERCP及相关操作导致的IBDI也见于文献。

  • 7.
    Standardized diagnosis and treatment for pancreatic cystic neoplasm
    Yuanquan Yu, Jiangtao Li, Shuyou Peng
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2016, 05 (06): 341-344. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2016.06.001
    Abstract (50) HTML (1) PDF (2262 KB) (23)
  • 8.
    Pancreatic metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma with portal vein invasion: a case report
    Di Wang, Shaocheng Lyu, Jincan Huang
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (04): 457-460. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.04.019
    Abstract (42) HTML (4) PDF (1982 KB) (22)

    全球胰腺癌发病率呈持续上升趋势,我国胰腺癌病死率居恶性肿瘤的第6位[1]。其中胰腺转移性肿瘤发病率较低,肾细胞癌是最常见的胰腺转移性肿瘤,而肺癌胰腺转移较为罕见,一项纳入胰腺转移瘤切除患者的研究中,仅2%患者的转移灶来源于肺[2]。肺癌胰腺转移发病隐匿,症状不明显,且影像学表现多种多样,给临床诊断带来困难,相关报道较少。本文结合相关文献对我科诊治的1例肺腺癌胰腺转移伴门静脉侵犯患者的临床资料进行分析和探讨,报告如下。

  • 9.
    Preoperative biliary drainage of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and its influence on safety of surgery
    Jijun Shan, Xiangcheng Li
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (02): 157-161. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.02.007
    Abstract (86) HTML (2) PDF (1320 KB) (21)

    胆管癌是一组高度异质性的侵袭性癌症,可发生在胆道树内的任何地方。根据解剖位置可分为肝内胆管癌、肝门部胆管癌和远端胆管癌。肝门部胆管癌(hilar cholangiocarcinoma,HCCA)发生于肝总管、左右肝管及其汇合部,亦称高位胆管癌或Klatskin肿瘤,是胆管癌中最常见类型,约占所有胆管癌总数的60%[1]。HCCA患者因胆道梗阻引起一系列病理生理变化,临床表现为皮肤黄染、小便颜色加深、陶土样便、血清胆红素升高、肝酶异常等。高胆红素血症及肝功能异常会对手术安全性产生极大影响。胆道梗阻是HCCA的重要标志,评估胆道梗阻的程度,结合适当的胆道引流计划,是围手术期管理的重要组成部分。目前常用的术前减黄方式包括PTCD、内镜下胆道支架置入术(endoscopic biliary stenting,EBS)、内镜下鼻胆管引流术(ENBD)3种。笔者在本文对HCCA患者术前是否需要常规行减黄治疗,应该采取何种减黄方法及术前减黄对手术安全性的影响作一阐述。

  • 10.
    Chinese expert consensus on vascular segmentation and reconstruction of split liver transplantation
    Group of Surgical Operation, Society of Surgery, Chinese Medical Association, Group of Organ Transplantation, Society of Surgery, Chinese Medical Association, South China League of Split Liver Transplantation
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (02): 167-172. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.02.009
    Abstract (178) HTML (22) PDF (1886 KB) (21)

    血管分割与重建是劈离式肝移植的最关键技术之一,为规范劈离式肝移植血管分割与重建的技术流程,优化手术细节,降低相关并发症发生,进而促进我国劈离式肝移植快速发展,由中华医学会外科学分会外科手术学学组、中华医学会外科学分会移植学组、华南劈离式肝移植联盟组织国内领域知名专家,针对供肝血管评估、分割原则、供受体匹配、血管重建等技术细节和方案制定中国专家共识。

  • 11.
    Conversion therapy for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
    Binkui Li
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (05): 511-516. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.05.008
    Abstract (47) HTML (1) PDF (1330 KB) (20)

    肝内胆管细胞癌(ICC)是常见的肝脏原发恶性肿瘤之一,起源于肝内胆管分支衬覆上皮细胞,以腺癌最为多见。2020年统计约有906 000例新发原发性肝癌,其中ICC占10%~15%,即9.1~13.6万例[1]。ICC的发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势,欧美国家的发病率较低,但在泰国和中国等地区发病较高[2]。ICC的危险因素包括肝硬化、乙型/丙型病毒性肝炎、饮酒、糖尿病、肥胖、吸烟、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和肝吸虫感染,以及胆道疾病,如原发性硬化性胆管炎、肝内胆管结石、先天性胆管扩张症、Caroli病和炎症性肠病等[3]

  • 12.
    Application of intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography based on specific uptaking of Kupffer cell in hepatic surgery
    Jingyong Xu, Jinghai Song
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (03): 253-257. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.03.001
    Abstract (66) HTML (0) PDF (1270 KB) (19)

    超声技术是肝脏疾病诊治不可或缺的基本技术,包括术前、术中及术后应用。术前应用主要为肝脏疾病的诊断,特别是肿瘤的诊断、鉴别诊断及定位,此外还包括对肝弥漫性病变,如肝硬化、脂肪肝等的严重程度评估,术后超声主要用于治疗后病灶及残余肝脏的随访。术前和术后超声多为超声医学科医师的工作,而术中超声(intraoperative ultrasound,IOUS)则是肝脏外科领域的内容,在肝脏外科应用的历史超过40年[1]。特别是近年来,随着精准肝切除和微创外科理念的兴起与推广,熟练掌握IOUS技术成为肝脏外科医师孜孜不倦的探索与追求。

  • 13.
    Discussion on the focus issues of conversion therapy for primary liver cancer
    Xiaoyong Wei
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (06): 602-607. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.06.003
    Abstract (66) HTML (1) PDF (1199 KB) (18)

    原发性肝癌(肝癌)是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,我国是肝癌的高发地区,其年新发病例数及死亡病例数占全球近一半[1]。早期肝癌患者可通过手术等治疗获得治愈,但因为肝癌发病隐匿,早期无特异性症状,约70%肝癌患者初诊即为中晚期,无法行根治性手术切除治疗,从而生存时间短,预后差。近年来,随着新的靶向及免疫药物的不断发展,肝癌的系统治疗取得显著进步,使肝癌的治疗格局发生了较大转变。不可手术切除的中晚期肝癌患者可以经过介入、靶向、免疫等多模式的综合治疗后使肿瘤缩小或降期,部分患者可以获得根治性手术切除机会。转化治疗使越来越多的中晚期肝癌患者从中获益,很多患者明显延长了总体生存期(OS),甚至获得了治愈。因此肝癌的转化治疗也成为近年来的研究热点,但转化治疗现在仍处于不断探索的阶段。本文主要对肝癌转化治疗的焦点问题,如适合人群、方案的选择、手术时机、手术必要性及后续治疗方案等方面进行探讨,以期为中晚期肝癌的转化治疗带来参考。

  • 14.
    Emphasis on comprehensive treatments of chemotherapy and target-immuno therapy for biliary tract cancer
    Jiandong Wang, Zhiwei Quan
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (02): 125-130. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.02.001
    Abstract (150) HTML (3) PDF (1297 KB) (17)

    胆道恶性肿瘤(biliary tract cancers,BTCs)是起源于胆道系统的异质性明显的一组肿瘤,根据解剖部位可分为肝内胆管细胞癌、肝门部胆管癌、远端胆管癌及胆囊癌。绝大多数BTCs为腺癌,侵袭性强,预后极差。在世界范围内,BTCs是第二大肝胆胰肿瘤,占所有消化道恶性肿瘤的3%,近年来发病率呈上升趋势,从1973年至2012年的大数据中可见肝内胆管细胞癌发病率大幅上升(350%),肝外胆管细胞癌发病率则稳步升高(20%)[1]。由于BTCs起病隐匿,早期诊断率低,临床就诊时往往已到中晚期,5年总生存率5%~15%,即使相对早期发现能够手术治疗的患者,术后复发率仍高于50%[2]。随着手术技术、手术器械及围手术期处理的进步,BTCs的手术范围不断扩大,胆囊癌扩大根治术尝试了包括肝外胆管切除、半肝切除、肝胰十二指肠切除等术式,肝内胆管细胞癌及肝门部胆管癌施行大范围肝切除及扩大淋巴结清扫、肝移植等术式,肝外胆管细胞癌施行扩大胰十二指肠切除,但不幸的是对提高生存率无任何帮助。BTCs与其它肿瘤一样是一种全身性疾病,单纯的外科手术不能治愈,故必须有综合治疗的理念。

  • 15.
    Effect of number of dissected lymph nodes on efficacy of pancreaticoduodenectomy for distal cholangiocarcinoma
    Bing Pan, Shaocheng Lyu, Xin Zhao, Lixin Li, Ren Lang, Qiang He
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (06): 608-612. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.06.004
    Abstract (43) HTML (1) PDF (1095 KB) (17)
    Objective

    To evaluate the effect of the number of dissected lymph nodes on the safety and prognosis of pancreaticoduodenectomy for distal cholangiocarcinoma.

    Methods

    Clinical data of 104 patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2015 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received. Among them, 60 patients were male and 44 female, aged from 29 to 84 years, with a median age of 66 years. The effect of the number of dissected lymph nodes on perioperative complications and survival was evaluated. The threshold value of lymph node number was determined by X-tile software. All patients were divided into two groups according to the threshold value. The number of lymph nodes between two groups was compared by t test, and the incidence of complications was compared by Chi-square test. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test.

    Results

    The number of dissected lymph nodes was 3-45. According to the threshold value of 24 lymph nodes, all patients were divided into the <24 (n=80) and ≥24 groups (n=24). The number of dissected lymph nodes in the <24 group and ≥24 group was 15±5 and 31±6, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-13.101, P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications and perioperative mortality rate in two groups were 21%(5/24), 4%(1/24) and 21%(26/80), 5%(4/80), and the differences were not statistically significant (χ2=1.201, 0.142; P>0.05). The postoperative 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates of patients in two groups were 72.6%, 33.2%, 25.9% and 87.1%, 63.7%, 63.7%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=6.170, P<0.05).

    Conclusions

    For patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy, the number of dissected lymph nodes ≥24 can significantly improve clinical prognosis without sacrificing perioperative safety.

  • 16.
    Conversion therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma
    Xilin Du, Kai Tan, Xiaojun He
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (06): 597-601. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.06.002
    Abstract (63) HTML (4) PDF (1162 KB) (17)

    原发性肝癌是全球范围内常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率居第6位,肿瘤致死原因居第4位[1]。我国原发性肝癌新发和死亡人数约占全球的一半,其中肝细胞癌(肝癌)最为常见。目前,肝癌的治疗方式多种多样,其中手术治疗是最主要的治疗方式之一,但大多数患者初诊时病情已达中晚期,失去了根治性手术切除的机会[2]。此外,我国作为乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)大国,大多数肝癌患者合并肝硬化病史,肝脏储备功能差,对于术后残肝体积要求也较高。转化治疗通过改善肝功能,降低肿瘤分期和增加剩余肝体积的途经将不可切除肝癌转变为可切除肝癌。转化治疗理念已经深入人心,并取得了显著的疗效。目前转化治疗的方式也已经初步达成了共识[3],但仍有很多细节的问题需要探讨,笔者就目前肝癌转化治疗方式的现状和展望进行思考和概述,供临床医师参考。

  • 17.
    Choice of treatments for bile duct injury caused by laparoscopic cholecystectomy
    Xueyan Wang, Yanlin Ma, Haiyuan Li
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2022, 11 (04): 338-341. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2022.04.003
    Abstract (38) HTML (2) PDF (1281 KB) (17)

    自1905年Mayo等首次报道使用胆管-十二指肠吻合术修复2例胆囊切除术后胆管损伤(bile duct injury,BDI)后,BDI引起了胆道外科医师的重视[1]。随着微创技术的不断进步,目前已可应用单切口腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)和机器人胆囊切除术来修复BDI,但BDI的高发生率仍不可避免,仍有0.4%~0.6%的BDI发生于LC后[1,2]。BDI最佳修复方案应基于患者既往胆道修复手术史、肝脏损害程度及一般情况进行分析,并根据BDI分型系统确定损伤分型、部位、程度和胆道梗阻持续时间进而作出选择。任何类型的修复重建手术最终目的都是恢复胆管的完整性及其连续性,无论采取何种术式进行修复,修复重建的胆管应是无瘢痕、无炎症、血供良好的健康胆管[1,2]

  • 18.
    Expert consensus on assessment of donor and liver graft for split liver transplantation
    Group of Surgical Operation, Group of Organ Transplantation, Society of Surgery, Chinese Medical Association
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2022, 11 (02): 133-138. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2022.02.005
    Abstract (167) HTML (0) PDF (1432 KB) (16)

    随着器官捐献时代的到来,劈离式肝移植(SLT)越来越多地开展,其可有效扩大供肝来源,减少受者尤其是儿童受者的移植等待时间。近年来,国内多个移植中心均不同程度地开展了SLT,疗效不尽相同。SLT供体和供肝质量是影响手术疗效的重要因素,现阶段需结合国际上移植技术先进国家的成熟经验来形成适合我国国情的SLT供体和供肝评估共识,以进一步改善和提高SLT的手术疗效。本文结合专家经验,从供体评估和供肝评估方面形成SLT供体和供肝评估专家共识。

  • 19.
    Current application and outlook of immunotherapy for bile duct neoplasms
    Chen Cai, Wei Gong
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (02): 162-166. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.02.008
    Abstract (112) HTML (4) PDF (1346 KB) (15)

    胆道肿瘤(biliary tract carcinoma,BTC)是一组高度异质性、起源于胆囊及胆管上皮的癌症。根据解剖学部位的不同,可分为肝内胆管癌(intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,iCCA)、肝门部胆管癌(perihilar cholangiocarcinoma,pCCA)、远端胆管癌(distal cholangiocarcinoma,dCCA)及胆囊癌(gallbladder cancer,GBC)[1]。BTC起病隐匿且恶性程度高,近年来全球发病率有上升趋势,尤其在亚洲及拉丁美洲国家[2]。因缺乏早期诊断特异性标志物,约70%的患者一经发现即为晚期,手术切除率低,患者预后差,5年总体生存率5%~15%[3,4]。根治性手术是治愈BTC的有效方法,但肿瘤复发和转移概率高,BTC术后患者复发的风险高于50%[5,6]。ABC-02临床试验确立了吉西他滨联合顺铂为目前晚期BTC的一线化疗方案,但治疗组中位总体生存期(median overall survival,mOS)和中位无进展生存期(median progression-free survival,mPFS)均不足1年,对于BTC的其他化疗方案效果不尽如人意[7]。近年来,免疫治疗在BTC的探索和应用逐渐展开,取得了不少令人鼓舞的重要进展[8]。本文就免疫治疗在BTC中的应用和发展进行综述。

  • 20.
    Application progress of local therapy for cholangiocarcinoma
    Zhuoqun Li, Fenggang Ren, Rongfeng Wang
    Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) 2023, 12 (02): 153-156. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.02.006
    Abstract (87) HTML (1) PDF (1324 KB) (15)

    胆管癌(cholangiocarcinoma,CCA)根据起病部位不同,主要分为肝内胆管癌(intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,iCCA)、肝门部胆管癌(perihilar cholangiocarcinoma,pCCA)和远端胆管癌(distal cholangiocarcinoma,dCCA)。近年来,CCA发病率逐年升高,疾病负担日益严重。CCA起病隐匿,多数患者无明显症状,因胆道梗阻表现就诊时大多已处于中晚期,丧失手术机会[1]。胆管癌因其复杂异质性和肿瘤生物学特点,多数患者对放化疗反应不佳,导致中晚期患者治疗手段十分有限。近年来,针对胆道肿瘤的局部治疗技术发展迅猛,特别是基于超声引导或ERCP等技术,通过微创途径对胆道肿瘤施行局部治疗,辅以置入胆道支架或经皮经肝胆道引流,可有效解除胆道梗阻,改善患者的生活质量。本文综述了近年来CCA局部治疗技术临床应用研究进展,以期为临床决策和未来研究提供参考。

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