胰腺癌是一种高致死率的消化道恶性肿瘤，起病隐匿，因缺乏早期高敏度特异性诊断标志物，大部分患者就诊时已处于中晚期，根治性手术切除率低，预后极差，5年生存率低于10%。根治性切除术是治愈胰腺癌的唯一有效途径，由于其恶性程度高且具有高度嗜神经性，早期极易发生原位复发、区域淋巴结或远处转移，故淋巴结清扫的彻底性对于患者远期疗效及预后尤为重要。随着现代外科的不断发展，各中心不同胰腺外科医师对于胰头癌淋巴结清扫内涵理解不同，相关研究存在明显的异质性。本文结合目前国内外研究进展及本中心临床实践，详述胰头癌淋巴结清扫在胰腺癌中的应用。

Pancreatic cancer is a malignant digestive tract tumor with high mortality and hidden onset. Due to the lack of early high-sensitivity specific diagnostic markers, most patients are diagnosed in the middle and late stage. Radical resection rate is low, clinical prognosis is extremely poor, and the 5-year survival rate is less than 10%. Radical resection is the only effective treatment for pancreatic cancer. Because of high-degree malignancy and high-degree neurophilia, the risk of local recurrence, regional lymph node or distant metastases is high in the early stage. Hence, the completeness of lymph node dissection plays a significant role in the long-term efficacy and prognosis of patients. With persistent development of modern surgery, pancreatic cancer surgeons from different centers have different understandings of the connotation of lymph node dissection for pancreatic head cancer, and relevant studies yield high heterogeneity. Based on the latest research progress at home and abroad and clinical practice of our center, the application of lymph node dissection of pancreatic head cancer in pancreatic cancer was explicitly illustrated in this article.