To compare the clinical efficacy between partial splenectomy (PS) and total splenectomy (TS) in the treatment of traumatic splenic rupture.

Relevant literature was retrieved in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data and VIP databases from the inception of database to July 2020. The key words in English included splenectomy, total splenectomy, partial splenectomy, spleen partial splenectomy, rupture of spleen, rupture splenic, ruptures splenic, splenic rupture and splenic ruptures. The key words in Chinese consisted of splenectomy, total splenectomy, partial splenectomy and splenic rupture. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay and incidence of postoperative complications of the included studies were subjected to Meta-analysis. Clinical efficacy between PS and TS was evaluated.

10 articles consisting of 599 patients were eventually included. 289 patients were assigned into the PS group and 310 cases into the TS group. Meta-analysis revealed that the length of hospital stay in the PS group was significantly shorter than that in the TS group (MD=-4.31, 95%CI: -6.40 to -2.22, P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the PS group was significantly lower than that in the TS group (RR=0.28, 95%CI: 0.20 to 0.39, P<0.05). In the PS group, the incidences of postoperative infection (RR=0.31, 95%CI: 0.17 to 0.55, P<0.05), intestinal obstruction (RR=0.35, 95%CI: 0.14 to 0.87, P<0.05) and venous thrombosis (RR=0.24, 95%CI: 0.07 to 0.82, P<0.05) were significantly lower than those in the TS group. The operation time (MD=-6.11, 95%CI: -22.92 to 10.70, P>0.05) and intraoperative blood loss (MD=4.64, 95%CI: -68.74 to 78.02, P>0.05) in the PS group did not significantly differ compared with those in the TS group.

Compared with TS, PS causes fewer complications and shorter length of hospital stay, which has more advantageous for clinical prognosis of patients with traumatic splenic rupture.