Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy with high incidence and mortality rates. In recent years, with in-depth study of immune microenvironment and widespread application of immunotherapy in advanced HCC, immunotherapy strategies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors have been gradually employed in perioperative period, and other immunotherapy strategies (such as adoptive cell therapy and oncolytic virus) have also made significant progress. The purpose of perioperative immunotherapy is to improve tumor resectability, reduce the risk of recurrence and metastasis, and make partial unresectable HCC resectable. However, challenges in suitable population of immunotherapy and the optimal immunotherapy regimen remain to be resolved. In this article, the progresses in immunotherapy strategy for HCC, perioperative immunotherapy and prediction of immunotherapy efficacy were illustrated.