探讨人源电压门控质子通道蛋白（HVCN1）在肝细胞癌（肝癌）组织中的表达及其对肝癌根治性切除术后患者生存预后的影响。

回顾性分析2008年8月至2009年12月在广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院行肝癌根治性切除术的92例患者临床资料，并选取其肝癌及癌旁组织进行研究。其中男82例，女10例；平均年龄（51±12）岁。所有患者均签署知情同意书，符合医学伦理学规定。采用免疫组化法检测肝癌及癌旁组织HVCN1表达。观察肝癌组织中HVCN1的表达，分析HVCN1阳性表达与患者临床病理学参数的关系，并对患者的生存预后及其影响因素进行分析。HVCN1的表达及其与临床病理学参数的关系采用χ²检验或Fisher确切概率法。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法和Log-rank检验。生存预后影响因素分析采用Cox比例风险回归模型。

肝癌组织HVCN1阳性表达率为29%（27/92），明显高于癌旁组织的12%（5/40） （χ²=2.076, P<0.05）。肝癌组织中HVCN1高表达与肿瘤包膜（P<0.05）、血管侵犯（χ²=4.937, P<0.05）、术后早期复发有关（χ²=8.081，P<0.05）。HVCN1阳性表达患者的1、3、5年累积生存率分别为81.5%、41.0%、29.3%，HVCN1阴性表达患者为92.1%、61.0%、61.0%，HVCN1阳性表达患者的总体生存率明显低于HVCN1阴性表达患者（χ²= 8.226，P<0.05）。HVCN1阳性表达患者的1、3、5年无瘤生存率分别为51.9%、13.5%、13.5%，HVCN1阴性表达患者为70.6%、34.0%、34.0%，HVCN1阳性表达患者的无瘤生存率明显低于HVCN1阴性表达患者（χ² =5.302，P<0.05）。多因素Cox回归分析显示，HVCN1阳性表达、肝硬化是影响肝癌根治性肝切除术后患者生存预后的独立危险因素（RR=2.520, 2.408；P<0.05）。

HVCN1在肝癌组织中高表达，与肿瘤包膜、血管浸润、术后早期复发相关，是影响肝癌根治性切除术后患者生存预后的独立危险因素，可作为肝癌患者根治性切除术后的预测指标。

To investigate the expression of human voltage-gated proton channel 1 (HVCN1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its significance in survival and prognosis after radical hepatectomy.

Clinical data of 92 patients with HCC undergoing radical hepatectomy in the Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University between August 2008 and December 2009 were retrospectively studied. The HCC ard para-carcinoma tissues were chosen and studied. Among the 92 patients, 82 were males and 10 were females with the average age of (51±12) years old. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval had been received. HVCN1 expression in HCC and para-carcinoma tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. HVCN1 expression in HCC tissues was observed and the correlation between the positive expression of HVCN1 and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. In addition, the survival and prognosis of HCC patients as well as the influencing factors were also analyzed. The analysis on the correlation between the expression of HVCN1 and clinicopathological parameters was conducted using Chi-square test or Fisher's Exact Test. The survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test. The analysis on influencing factors of survival and prognosis was conducted using Cox Proportional Hazard Regression Model.

The positive expression of HVCN1 in HCC tissues was 29% (27/92), which was significantly higher than 12% (5/40) of that in para-carcinoma tissues (χ²=2.076, P<0.05). High HVCN1 expression in HCC tissues was correlated with tumor capsule (P<0.05), vascular invasion (χ²=4.937, P<0.05) and early postoperative recurrence (χ²=8.081, P<0.05). The 1-, 3-, 5-year accumulated survival rate was respectively 81.5%, 41.0%, 29.3% for patients with positive HVCN1 expression, and 92.1%, 61.0%, 61.0% for patients with negative HVCN1 expression. The overall survival rate of patients with positive HVCN1 expression was significantly lower than that of patients with negative HVCN1 expression (χ²=8.226, P<0.05). The 1-, 3-, 5-year disease-free survival rate was respectively 51.9%, 13.5%, 13.5% for patients with positive HVCN1 expression and 70.6%, 34.0% and 34.0% for patients with negative HVCN1 expression. The disease-free survival rate of patients with positive HVCN1 expression was significantly lower than that of patients with negative HVCN1 expression (χ²= 5.302, P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that positive HVCN1 expression and liver cirrhosis were the independent risk factors affecting the survival and prognosis of patients with HCC after radical hepatectomy (RR=2.520,2.408; P<0.05).

High HVCN1 expression in HCC tissues was correlated with tumor capsule, vascular invasion and early postoperative recurrence, and is the independent risk factor affecting the survival and prognosis of patients with HCC after radical hepatectomy, which can be used as the predictive index for patients with HCC after radical hepatectomy.