切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (03) : 435 -441. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2025.03.016

临床研究

肝肉瘤样癌14例临床诊疗分析
毛伟民1,2,3, 蓝祝晶1,2,3, 徐邦浩1,2,4,5, 朱海1,2, 王继龙1,2, 金宗睿1,2, 蒙柄成1,2,3, 卢婷婷6, 曾晶晶7, 吕自力7, 宋瑞8, 文张2,()   
  1. 1. 530021 南宁,广西医科大学
    2. 530021 南宁,广西医科大学第一附属医院肝胆外科
    3. 530021 南宁,广西消化道肿瘤加速康复外科基础研究重点实验室
    4. 530021 南宁,区域性高发肿瘤早期防治研究教育部重点实验室(广西医科大学)
    5. 530021 南宁,广西区域性高发肿瘤早期防治研究重点实验室
    6. 530021 南宁,广西医科大学第一附属医院超声科
    7. 530021 南宁,广西医科大学第一附属医院病理科
    8. 530021 南宁,广西医科大学第一附属医院放射科
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-29 出版日期:2025-06-10
  • 通信作者: 文张
  • 基金资助:
    广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20210669,Z-A20220492)广西区域性高发肿瘤早期防治研究重点实验室自主研究课题(GKE-ZZ202223)

Clinical diagnosis and treatment of 14 cases of hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma

Weimin Mao1,2,3, Zhujing Lan1,2,3, Banghao1 Xu1,2,4,5, Hai Zhu1,2, Jilong Wang1,2, Zongrui Jin1,2, Bingcheng Meng1,2,3, Tingting Lu6, Jingjing Zeng7, Zili Lyu7, Rui Song8, Zhang Wen2,()   

  1. 1. Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China
    2. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China
    3. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer,Nanning 530021,China
    4. Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor,Ministry of Education (Guangxi Medical University),Nanning 530021,China
    5. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor,Nanning 530021,China
    6. Department of Ultrasound,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China
    7. Department of Pathology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China
    8. Department of Radiology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China
  • Received:2024-08-29 Published:2025-06-10
  • Corresponding author: Zhang Wen
引用本文:

毛伟民, 蓝祝晶, 徐邦浩, 朱海, 王继龙, 金宗睿, 蒙柄成, 卢婷婷, 曾晶晶, 吕自力, 宋瑞, 文张. 肝肉瘤样癌14例临床诊疗分析[J/OL]. 中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志, 2025, 14(03): 435-441.

Weimin Mao, Zhujing Lan, Banghao1 Xu, Hai Zhu, Jilong Wang, Zongrui Jin, Bingcheng Meng, Tingting Lu, Jingjing Zeng, Zili Lyu, Rui Song, Zhang Wen. Clinical diagnosis and treatment of 14 cases of hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2025, 14(03): 435-441.

目的

探讨肝脏肉瘤样癌(HSC)临床病理特征、治疗方式及生存预后。

方法

回顾性分析2002年3月至2022年3月广西医科大学第一附属医院收治的14例HSC患者临床资料。其中男12例,女2例;年龄46~77岁,中位年龄56岁。总结分析两组的临床特征、影像学表现、病理学特征、治疗及预后。根据不同治疗方式将14例患者分为手术组(9例)和非手术组(5例),比较两组生存情况。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法和Log-rank检验。

结果

男女比例6∶1。11例患者的初诊症状为上腹不适,1例表现为体重减轻,3例体检时发现。11例HBsAg阳性,11例血清ALB<34 g/L,1例TB>17.1 μmol/L; 1例AFP>400 μg/L,3例CA19-9>40 kU/L。肝功能Child-Pugh分级为A级11例,B级3例。1例TNM分期ⅠB期,5例患者Ⅲ期,8例患者Ⅳ期。14例患者中8例淋巴结转移。7例影像学可见瘤内坏死。Vimentin、CK、P53、Ki-67等阳性表达。随访时间1.0~58.0个月,中位随访时间8.5个月。14例患者中位OS为5个月,其中手术组中位OS为5个月,非手术组中位OS为25个月,两组患者OS比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.356,P=0.551)。

结论

HSC的临床表现、实验室检查及影像学检查缺乏特异性,其确诊依靠病理学检查,手术治疗与非手术治疗的治疗效果无显著性差别,但对于部分患者施行联合多器官切除的扩大根治性手术有助于改善患者生活质量,延长部分患者生存时间。

Objective

To investigate the clinicopathological features, treatment and prognosis of hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma (HSC).

Methods

Clinical data of 14 patients with HSC admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from March 2002 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 12 patients were male and 2 female, aged from 46 to 77 years, with a median age of 56 years. Clinical features, imaging manifestations, pathological findings, treatment and prognosis were summarized and analyzed between two groups. According to different treatment, 14 patients were divided into the surgery(n=9) and non-surgery groups (n=5). Survival status was compared between two groups. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test.

Results

The male-to-female ratio was 6∶1.11 patients developed initial symptoms of epigastric discomfort, 1 case of weight loss, and 3 patients were detected during physical examination. 11 cases were with positive HBsAg, 11 cases had a serum ALB level <34 g/L and 1 case of TB level >17.1 μmol/L, 1 case of AFP level >400 μg/L, and 3 cases of CA19-9 level >40 kU/L.11 cases were graded as Child-Pugh grade A and 3 cases of grade B. One patient was classified as stageⅠB,5 cases of stage Ⅲ and 8 cases of stage Ⅳ based on the TNM staging system. Among 14 patients, 8 cases had lymph node metastases. Imaging examination detected intratumoral necrosis in 7 cases. Vimentin, CK, P53 and Ki-67 were positive. The follow-up time was 1.0-58.0 months, with a median of 8.5 months. The median overall survival (OS) of 14 patients was 5 months. The median OS of surgery group was 5 months, and 25 months for non-surgery group. There was no statistical difference in OS between two groups (χ2=0.356, P=0.551).

Conclusions

Clinical manifestations, laboratory and imaging examination of HSC are non-specific, and the diagnosis depends on pathological examination. No significant difference is found between surgical and nonsurgical treatment. Nevertheless, extended radical resection combined with multi-organ resection contributes to improving the quality of life and prolonging the survival time in certain patients.

表1 HSC患者临床特征
图1 HSC患者CT图像
图2 HSC病理学检查表现(×200)
表2 14例HSC患者治疗方式
图3 14例HSC患者手术治疗与非手术治疗Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析
[1]
Seok S, Kim YB. Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Korean J Hepatol, 2010, 16(1): 89. DOI: 10.3350/kjhep.2010.16.1.89.
[2]
Giunchi F, Vasuri F, Baldin P, et al. Primary liver sarcomatous carcinoma: report of two cases and review of the literature[J]. Pathol Res Pract, 2013, 209(4): 249-254. DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.01.005.
[3]
Yu Y, Zhong Y, Wang J, et al. Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma(SHC): a case report[J]. World J Surg Oncol, 2017, 15(1): 219. DOI:10.1186/s12957-017-1286-1.
[4]
Liao SH, Su TH, Jeng YM, et al. Clinical manifestations and outcomes of patients with sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma[J].Hepatology, 2019, 69(1): 209-221. DOI: 10.1002/hep.30162.
[5]
Wang QB, Cui BK, Weng JM, et al. Clinicopathological characteristics and outcome of primary sarcomatoid carcinoma and carcinosarcoma of the liver[J]. J Gastrointest Surg, 2012, 16(9): 1715-1726. DOI: 10.1007/s11605-012-1946-y.
[6]
Giannis D, Morsy S, Geropoulos G, et al. The epidemiology,staging and outcomes of sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma: a SEER population analysis[J]. In Vivo, 2021, 35(1): 393-399. DOI:10.21873/invivo.12270.
[7]
Nagtegaal ID, Odze RD, Klimstra D, et al. The 2019 WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system[J]. Histopathology,2020, 76(2): 182-188. DOI: 10.1111/his.13975.
[8]
Zhang C, Feng S, Tu Z, et al. Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma:from clinical features to cancer genome[J]. Cancer Med, 2021,10(18): 6227-6238. DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4162.
[9]
Koo HR, Park MS, Kim MJ, et al. Radiological and clinical features of sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma in 11 cases[J]. J Comput Assist Tomogr, 2008, 32(5): 745-749. DOI: 10.1097/RCT.0b013e3181591ccd.
[10]
Lv TR, Hu HJ, Regmi P, et al. Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma versus conventional hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2022, 148(7): 1685-1696. DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-03949-8.
[11]
Ji W, Xing Y, Ma J, et al. Primary liver sarcomatoid carcinoma: a case series and literature review[J]. J Hepatocell Carcinoma, 2021, 8:1117-1127. DOI: 10.2147/JHC.S325182.
[12]
Ma S, Li C, Ma Y, et al. A retrospective study on the clinical and pathological features of hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma: fourteen cases of a rare tumor[J]. Medicine, 2022, 101(31): e30005. DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000030005.
[13]
Hu C, Zhao M, Wei Q, et al. Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma:a case report and review of the literature[J]. Medicine, 2024, 103(13):e37641. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037641.
[14]
Chen L, Ruan S, Wang P, et al. Imaging features of primary hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma: differentiation from hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma on CT: a preliminary study[J].Heliyon, 2023, 9(3): e14123. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14123.
[15]
Wang JP, Yao ZG, Sun YW, et al. Clinicopathological characteristics and surgical outcomes of sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma[J].World J Gastroenterol, 2020, 26(29): 4327-4342. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i29.4327.
[16]
Kamat RN, Waghmare RS. Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma with bilateral adrenal metastases[J]. J Assoc Physicians India, 2013,61(5): 354-356.
[17]
Tang Y, Zhang T, Zhao Y, et al. Development and validation of a comprehensive radiomics nomogram for prognostic prediction of primary hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma after surgical resection[J]. Int J Med Sci, 2021, 18(7): 1711-1720. DOI: 10.7150/ijms.53602.
[18]
Kim DG, Park SY, Kim H, et al. A comprehensive karyotypic analysis on a newly established sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SH-J1 by comparative genomic hybridization and chromosome painting[J]. Cancer Genet Cytogenet, 2002, 132(2): 120-124. DOI:10.1016/s0165-4608(01)00543-x.
[19]
Huang L, Lu L. Case report: review of CT findings and histopathological characteristics of primary liver carcinosarcoma[J]. Front Genet, 2021, 12: 638636. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.638636.
[20]
Morisue R, Kojima M, Suzuki T, et al. Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma is distinct from ordinary hepatocellular carcinoma:clinicopathologic, transcriptomic and immunologic analyses[J]. Int J Cancer, 2021, 149(3): 546-560. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33545.
[21]
Hwang S, Lee SG, Lee YJ, et al. Prognostic impact of sarcomatous change of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients undergoing liver resection and liver transplantation[J]. J Gastrointest Surg, 2008,12(4): 718-724. DOI: 10.1007/s11605-007-0393-7.
[22]
Shi D, Sun J, Ma L, et al. Clinical and imaging characteristics of primary hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma and sarcoma: a comparative study[J]. BMC Cancer, 2020, 20(1): 977. DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07475-z.
[23]
Lu J, Xiong XZ, Li FY, et al. Prognostic significance of sarcomatous change in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection[J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2015, 22(Suppl 3): S1048-S1056. DOI:10.1245/s10434-015-4818-3.
[24]
Zhu SG, Li HB, Yuan ZN, et al. Achievement of complete response to nivolumab in a patient with advanced sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report[J]. World J Gastrointest Oncol, 2020,12(10): 1209-1215. DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v12.i10.1209.
[25]
Fencer MG, Davis CH, Liu J, et al. Disease control achieved using atezolizumab + bevacizumab in a patient with sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (SHCC), a rare variant excluded from the IMbrave150 trial[J]. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep, 2022, 10:23247096221129470. DOI: 10.1177/23247096221129470.
[26]
Kan A, Guo RP. The prognosis of subsequent surgical treatment in patients with sarcomatoid carcinoma in the liver: a retrospective study[J]. Int J Surg, 2018, 55: 145-151. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.736.
[27]
Lu J, Zhang J, Xiong XZ, et al. Primary hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma: clinical features and prognosis of 28 resected cases[J].J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2014, 140(6): 1027-1035. DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1641-3.
[28]
Shi D, Ma L, Zhao D, et al. Imaging and clinical features of primary hepatic sarcomatous carcinoma[J]. Cancer Imaging, 2018, 18(1): 36.DOI: 10.1186/s40644-018-0171-7.
[29]
Xue D, Zuo K, Li X, et al. Concomitant early gallbladder carcinoma with primary sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report[J].Oncol Lett, 2013, 5(6): 1965-1967. DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1288.
[1] 陈英斌, 黄银涛, 首家保, 崔泽龙, 宋蕊, 龙照忠, 徐海永. 坏死性筋膜炎临床特征及预后影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版), 2025, 20(02): 122-127.
[2] 刘伟博, 李林, 张玉斌. ERAS理念下的经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术对患者术后恢复的影响[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(03): 278-281.
[3] 李鹏, 刘光世, 李涛. 基于黑色素瘤相关抗原A6在胃癌转移与预后的作用机制研究[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(03): 282-284.
[4] 董家旭, 宋美姿, 毕讯. 射频消融术联合TSH抑制治疗甲状腺微小乳头状癌的效果及生存预后分析[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(02): 200-203.
[5] 郄云凯, 张哲, 梁山, 吴周亮, 李雨竹, 付晨辉, 沈冲, 胡海龙. 经尿道膀胱肿瘤整块切除术在T1期膀胱癌病理亚分期中的价值[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(03): 303-308.
[6] 龙朝辉, 陈丹, 王依杰, 瞿根义, 徐勇, 阳光, 黄文琳, 汤乘. 膀胱尿路上皮癌血管生成相关LncRNA预后评估模型的构建与分析[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(03): 315-322.
[7] 韩亮, 叶云翔, 张玉艳, 张世科, 周高翔, 周宇豪, 李舒珏, 曾滔, 曾国华, 乔庐东, 吴文起. 上尿路结石合并尿真菌培养阳性患者的诊治经验[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(03): 340-345.
[8] 朱丹丹, 杨云, 胡忠, 韩明丽, 彭广艳, 郝钊. 类鼻疽菌感染重症肺炎临床特征及预后分析[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2025, 18(02): 289-294.
[9] 刘凯, 刘鹏炯, 李振琪, 冯晨, 曹雨, 胡明根, 刘荣. 机器人与开腹肝尾状叶肿瘤切除的对比研究[J/OL]. 中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 18(02): 90-97.
[10] 甘翌翔, 欧阳俐颖, 潘扬勋, 张耀军, 陈敏山, 徐立. ICGR15和ALBI评分对肝动脉灌注化疗后肝癌肝切除术后肝衰竭和预后的预测价值[J/OL]. 中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志, 2025, 14(03): 395-401.
[11] 朱锴, 李爽, 刘艳成, 张净宇, 张宏, 张洪亮, 刘金伟, 胡永成. 肾癌脊柱转移瘤手术疗效及预后因素分析报道:附系统综述[J/OL]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2025, 11(02): 87-101.
[12] 李政, 陆永刚, 杨轶婷, 聂升波, 刘敏杰, 杨勇, 季小娟, 樊健. 改良Henry入路保留旋前方肌内固定术对桡骨远端骨折患者手术疗效及远期预后的影响[J/OL]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2025, 11(02): 117-122.
[13] 王帆, 刘雨, 蔡亦李, 张菂, 王丹, 胡良皞, 李兆申. 吸烟对特发性慢性胰腺炎患者临床特征的影响[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(02): 101-106.
[14] 宋然, 郑雅各. 仑伐替尼联合肝动脉插管化疗栓塞术治疗不可切除晚期肝癌的疗效及生存率影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(02): 120-124.
[15] 陈镇, 余天垒, 刘晓超, 尹萌. 肝硬化门静脉高压伴上消化道急性出血患者的血细胞参数、肾功能及营养评分变化及其与预后的相关性[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(02): 149-154.
阅读次数
全文


摘要