To explore the pathogenesis of gallbladder carcinoma base on high-throughput mRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.

10 patients with gallbladder carcinoma admitted to Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital from January 2017 to October 2018 were recruited in this study. High-throughput mRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed on the gallbladder carcinoma and paracancerous normal tissues.

1 704 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues, including 523 DEGs were up-regulated and 1 181 DEGs were down-regulated. Among them, 674 DEGs were significantly enriched on 46 signaling pathways, including PI3K-Akt, MAPK, Ras, Wnt and other cancer-related signaling pathways as well as cell movement-related signaling pathways, among which the most significant pathway was neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathway, and 45 DEGs were significantly enriched on the calcium signaling pathway.

High-throughput mRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis demonstrate that DEGs exist in gallbladder cancer and adjacent normal tissues. The most significant changes are noted on the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathway. Abnormal calcium signaling pathway is noted as a critical signaling pathway for progression from chronic calculous cholecystitis to gallbladder cancer.