To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infection in organ transplantation ICU.

Clinical data of 104 patients with nosocomial infection in organ transplantation ICU of Lingnan Hospital, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from June 2012 to September 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received. There were 87 males and 17 females with a mean age of (43±11) years old. The composition ratio of pathogens and the distribution of specimen sources in organ transplantation ICU were observed and the drug resistance was analyzed.

A total of 136 pathogens were isolated from 104 patients, including 61.8% (84/136) of gram-negative pathogens, 35.6%(37/136) of fungi followed by 11.0% (15/136) of gram-positive pathogens. The pathogenic specimens were mainly derived from sputum samples. As a kind of gram-negative pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii was observed with a tendency of multi-drug resistance or extensive drug resistance and was highly resistant to antibiotics. Non-Acinetobacter baumannii was observed with less drug resistance than Acinetobacter baumannii. It was sensitive to carbapenems. The fungi exhibited varying degree of resistance to commonly used antifungal drugs, whereas was sensitive to flucytosine and amphotericin B. Gram-positive pathogens were observed with high resistance to antibiotics but yet to vancomycin and linezolid.

Gram-negative pathogens are the primary pathogens causing nosocomial infection in organ transplantation ICU, followed by fungi and gram-positive pathogens. As a kind of gram-negative pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii reveals a tendency of multi-drug resistance or extensive drug resistance. Non-Acinetobacter baumannii is sensitive to carbapenems. Fungi exhibits varying degree of resistance to commonly used antifungal drugs. Gram-positive pathogens are sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid.