Spleen is an important immune organ of human body. With the development of surgical technologies, partial splenectomy has gradually become the primary option for patients with benign spleen diseases due to its advantages of preserving spleen function. Laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS) has served as the mainstream surgical procedure for patients with benign spleen lesions due to mild trauma, slight pain, rapid recovery and preservation of spleen function, etc. Along with rapid development of robot-assisted surgery system in medical field in recent years, robot-assisted partial splenectomy (RPS) has gradually become a novel alternative to LPS. At present, the indications of minimally invasive partial splenectomy have been constantly expanded, the key surgical procedures have been continually modified, and surgical efficacy and safety have been significantly improved. With the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (AR), 3D printing and other digital intelligence and virtual reality technologies, spleen surgery will develop in a more individualized, precise and intelligent direction in the future, further improving clinical prognosis and quality of life of patients.