探讨转移性肝癌误诊为肝脓肿的原因及其诊治和预后情况。

回顾性分析2012年4月至2013年4月在深圳市第三人民医院普通外科收治的4例被误诊为肝脓肿的转移性肝癌患者临床资料。所有患者均签署知情同意书，符合医学伦理学规定。其中男1例，女3例；年龄44～67岁，中位年龄54岁。患者入院后检测血常规、肝功能、AFP、癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖链抗原19-9（CA19-9）等指标，行肝胆超声检查、上腹部CT、胃镜及肠镜检查。

患者入院时平均体温为(37.8±0.8) ℃，发热伴寒战2例，上腹痛或上腹不适4例。WBC升高伴ALP升高2例，CA19-9升高3例，CEA升高2例，AFP升高1例。超声检查及CT示多发病灶3例，单发病灶1例，其中囊性病灶2例；CT示边缘强化明显者3例，内部不均匀强化者2例，内部无强化者2例；肝门部或腹膜后淋巴结肿大者3例。病理学检查确诊为结肠癌肝转移2例，胃癌肝转移1例，临床诊断为胃肠道或肝外胆管癌肝转移1例。2例患者入院后接受抗感染治疗，1例行肝肿瘤穿刺活组织检查+液化坏死组织置管引流术，1例患者因肠梗阻行结肠癌切除术。4例患者均行化学药物治疗（化疗）。1例患者确诊后3个月死于多器官功能衰竭；截止至投稿日期，1例结肠癌切除术后患者仍在接受化疗，生活质量尚可，其余2例患者一般状况较差。

部分转移性肝癌患者的临床表现不典型，易被误诊为肝脓肿。肿瘤标志物的检测对其鉴别诊断有一定帮助。该病患者宜采取以手术切除为主的综合治疗方案，但预后较差。

To investigate the causes, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of misdiagnosing metastatic liver cancer as liver abscess.

Clinical data of 4 patients with metastatic liver cancer misdiagnosed as liver abscess in Department of General Surgery, the Third Hospital of Shenzhen from April 2012 to April 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the ethics committee approval was received. There were 1 male and 3 females with age ranging from 44 to 67 years old and a median age of 54 years old. All the patients received tests such as blood routine, liver function, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) and so on, and examinations of hepatobiliary ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT) scan of the upper abdomen, gastroscope and colonoscope after admission to hospital.

The mean temperature of patients was (37.8±0.8)℃ when admitted in hospital. Two cases got fever and shivering, and 4 cases suffered upper abdominal pain or discomfort. There were 2 cases with increasing white blood cell (WBC) and increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 3 cases with increasing CA19-9, 2 cases with increasing CEA and 1 case with increasing AFP. By ultrasound examination and CT , multiple lesions were observed in 3 cases and single lesion in 1 case, including 2 cases of cystic lesions. Obvious edge enhancement was found in 3 cases by CT scan, heterogeneous internal enhancement in 2 cases, no internal enhancement in 2 cases, and 3 cases were found with lymphadenectasis in the porta hepatis or retroperitoneum. By pathological examination, 2 cases were diagnosed with liver metastasis of colon cancer, 1 case with liver metastasis of gastric cancer. And 1 case was clinically diagnosed with liver metastasis of gastrointestinal tract or extrahepatic bile duct cancer. Two cases received anti-infection treatment after admission to hospital. One case received liver tumor biopsy + catheter drainage of liquefied necrotic tissues, and 1 case received colon cancer resection for intestinal obstruction. All the 4 patients received chemotherapy. One case died of multiple organ failure 3 months after being diagnosed and 1 case who had undergone colon cancer resection still received chemotherapy and lived well till the date of paper submission. The other 2 cases were in poor condition.

Some patients with metastatic liver cancer are usually misdiagnosed as liver abscess because of the untypical clinical features. The tumor marker detection is helpful for the differential diagnosis. Comprehensive treatments with the main of surgical resection should be employed in the patients but the prognosis is poor.