腹腔镜肝后上段切除术一直是腹腔镜肝切除术中难度较大的手术方式，如何确保该术式安全一直是广大肝脏外科医师们讨论的焦点问题之一。本文回顾了腹腔镜肝切除术的发展历史，探讨了肝后上段（包括S7、S8和S4a段）切除的命名问题，并强调统一命名的重要性。文中分析了肝后上段切除的难点，包括S7和S8段的位置较深、暴露困难和出血控制问题。介绍了3种主要的手术入路：侧方入路、经胸腔镜入路和经腹入路，并讨论了各自的优缺点。通过查阅相关研究，结合临床实践，介绍该术式的关键步骤，包括患者体位、Trocar布局、肝脏游离、第三肝门的游离和肝脏离断，并探讨未来技术突破的可能性，包括机器人手术和利用Laennec's capsule的新术式。

Laparoscopic liver resection for posterosuperior tumors is a challenging procedure in laparoscopic liver resection. How to guarantee the safety of this procedure has been one of the keys issues for liver surgeons. In this article, the development history of laparoscopic liver resection was reviewed, and the naming of resection of tumors in the posterosuperior segment of liver (including S7, S8 and S4a) was discussed, and the importance of unified naming was emphasized. The challenges of liver resection for posterosuperior tumors were analyzed, including the difficulty of exposure due to deep location of S7 and S8 segments as well as bleeding control. Three main surgical approaches including lateral, thoracoscopic and abdominal approaches were illustrated, and their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. Based on literature review combined with clinical practice, the key steps of this procedure were illustrated, including patient's posture, Trocar site, liver dissociation, dissociation of the third porta hepatis and liver partition, and the possibility of technical breakthrough in the future was predicted, including robot-assisted surgery and novel procedure using Laennec's capsule.