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中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (02) : 217 -224. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2025039

临床研究

肝动脉灌注化疗联合PD-1/TKI 治疗不可切除性肝癌的安全性和疗效
吴春霖1, 侯一夫2, 陈凯2, 赵冀2, 唐世杰1, 杨洪吉1,2,()   
  1. 1. 646000 四川省泸州市,西南医科大学临床医学院
    2. 610072 成都,四川省人民医院器官移植中心
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-07 出版日期:2025-04-10
  • 通信作者: 杨洪吉
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技厅2022 年重点研发项目(2022YF0093)四川省科技厅基本科研业务费(2017YSKY0001)成都市重大科技应用项目(2022-YF09-00032-SN)

Safety and efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with PD-1/TKI for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Chunlin Wu1, Yifu Hou2, Kai Chen2, Ji Zhao2, Shijie Tang1, Hongji Yang1,2,()   

  1. 1. Clinical Medical College of Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China
    2. Organ Transplantation Center,Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital,Chengdu 610072,China
  • Received:2024-12-07 Published:2025-04-10
  • Corresponding author: Hongji Yang
引用本文:

吴春霖, 侯一夫, 陈凯, 赵冀, 唐世杰, 杨洪吉. 肝动脉灌注化疗联合PD-1/TKI 治疗不可切除性肝癌的安全性和疗效[J/OL]. 中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志, 2025, 14(02): 217-224.

Chunlin Wu, Yifu Hou, Kai Chen, Ji Zhao, Shijie Tang, Hongji Yang. Safety and efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with PD-1/TKI for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2025, 14(02): 217-224.

目的

探讨肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)联合PD-1/酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)治疗不可切除肝细胞癌(uHCC)的安全性和疗效。

方法

回顾性分析2019 年3 月至2022 年6 月在四川省人民医院接受诊治的184 例uHCC 患者临床资料。患者均签署知情同意书,符合医学伦理学规定。其中男157 例,女27 例;年龄28~85 岁,中位年龄54 岁。根据治疗方案不同,分为联合组(94 例)和对照组(90 例)。联合组采用HAIC 联合PD-1/TKI 治疗,对照组仅接受HAIC 治疗。HAIC 采用mFOLFOX6 方案。观察治疗过程中的不良反应,评估疗效。主要疗效指标为总体生存期(OS)、无进展生存期(PFS),次要疗效指标为客观缓解率(ORR)、疾病控制率(DCR),安全性指标为不良反应发生率。率的比较采用χ2 检验,生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier 法和Log-rank 检验,Cox 回归分析预后因素。

结果

联合组ORR、DCR 分别为65%(61/94)、89%(84/94),明显高于对照组的38%(34/90)、70%(63/90) (χ2=13.530,10.729;P<0.05)。联合组转化后手术患者占比26%(24/94),亦明显高于对照组的10%(9/90) (χ2=7.536,P<0.05)。联合组中位OS、PFS 分别为17、14 个月,明显优于对照组的13、7 个月(HR=0.29,0.47;P<0.05)。Cox 分析显示,联合靶向免疫治疗是OS(HR=0.371,95%CI:0.253~0.543;P<0.05)和PFS(HR=0.284,95%CI:0.197~0.410;P<0.05)的独立保护因素。联合组WBC 减少和皮疹发生率分别为16%(15/94)、27%(25/94),明显高于对照组的6%(5/90)、2%(1/90) (χ2=5.135,24.610;P<0.05)。不良反应均经过对症治疗或药物剂量调整后好转,治疗期间未观察到治疗相关性死亡。

结论

与单用HAIC 治疗相比,HAIC 联合PD-1/TKI 明显改善uHCC 的预后,且不良反应可控。

Objective

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC) combined with PD-1/TKI in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC).

Methods

Clinical data of 184 patients with uHCC admitted to Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital from March 2019 to June 2022 were analyzed retrospectively.The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received.Among them, 157 patients were male and 27 female,aged from 28 to 85 years, with a median age of 54 years.According to different treatment regimens, all patients were divided into the combined group (n=94) and control group (n=90).In the combined group, patients were treated with HAIC combined with PD-1/TKI, and those in the control group were treated with HAIC alone.HAIC was given using mFOLFOX6.Adverse reactions were observed during the treatment and clinical efficacy was evaluated.The main indexes for efficacy evaluation were overall survival (OS) and progressionfree survival (PFS), the secondary indexes were objective remission rate (ORR) and disease control rate(DCR).The index for safety evaluation was the incidence of adverse reactions.The rates were compared with Chi-square test.Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test.Prognostic factors were assessed by Cox regression analysis.

Results

The ORR and DCR in the combined group were 65%(61/94) and 89%(84/94), significantly higher than 38%(34/90) and 70%(63/90) in the control group(χ2=13.530, 10.729; both P<0.05).In the combined group, the proportion of patients undergoing surgery after translational therapy was 26%(24/94), significantly higher than 10%(9/90) in the control group (χ2=7.536,P<0.05).The median OS and PFS in the combined group were 17 and 14 months, significantly longer than 13 and 7 months in the control group (HR=0.29,0.47; both P<0.005).Cox regression analysis showed that combination with targeted immunotherapy was the independent protective factor of OS (HR=0.371, 95%CI:0.253-0.543; P<0.05) and PFS (HR=0.284, 95%CI: 0.197-0.410; P<0.05).In the combined group, the decrease of WBC and the incidence of rash were 16%(15/94) and 27%(25/94), significantly higher than 6%(5/90)and 2% (1/90) in the control group (χ2=5.135,24.610; both P<0.05).Adverse reactions were mitigated after symptomatic treatment or drug dosage adjustment.No treatment-related death was observed throughout the treatment.

Conclusions

Compared with HAIC alone, HAIC combined with PD-1/TKI can significantly improve clinical prognosis of uHCC and yield controllable adverse reactions.

表1 联合组和对照组不可切除性肝癌患者一般资料比较
图1 联合组和对照组不可切除性肝癌患者术后Kaplan-Meier 生存曲线 注:联合组采用肝动脉灌注化疗联合PD-1/TKI,对照组采用肝动脉灌注化疗,TKI 为酪氨酸激酶抑制剂
表2 肝动脉灌注化疗联合PD-1/TKI 治疗不可切除肝癌患者肿瘤反应及手术转化(例)
表3 不可切除性肝癌患者OS 的影响因素Cox 分析
表4 不可切除性肝癌患者PFS 的影响因素Cox 分析
表5 联合组和对照组不可切除性肝癌患者不良反应情况(例)
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