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Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition) ›› 2023, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (03): 305-311. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2023.03.011

Special Issue:

• Clinical Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

PD-1 expression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship with clinical prognosis: a Meta-analysis

Le Li1, Cong Chen1, Ying Shi1, Jinming Chen1, Zhonghua Liu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng 024000, China
  • Received:2023-01-06 Online:2023-06-10 Published:2023-05-23
  • Contact: Zhonghua Liu

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the serum level of soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and its relationship with the clinical prognosis.

Methods

21 patients with HCC underwent radical resection in Chifeng Municipal Hospital from November 2019 to June 2020 were enrolled. Among them, 15 patients were male and 6 female, aged from 40 to 81 years, with a median age of 58 years. Serum sPD-1 level was detected by ELISA, and the expression level of PD-1 in cancer tissues was determined by immunohistochemical staining. The relationship among serum sPD-1 level, PD-1 expression level in cancer tissues and clinicopathological parameters of HCC patients was assessed by Spearman rank correlation analysis. Literature search related to the relationship among serum sPD-1 level, PD-1 expression level in cancer tissues and clinical prognosis of HCC was conducted in CNKI, Wanfang Data, Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase, and a Meta-analysis was carried out.

Results

The median serum level of sPD-1 in HCC patients was 1 365 (589-3 315) ng/L. The positive rate of PD-1 in cancer tissues was 95% (20/21), including 11 cases of weakly positive expression and 9 cases of moderately positive expression. Spearman analysis showed that preoperative serum sPD-1 level was negatively correlated with the expression intensity of PD-1 in cancer tissues (rs=-0.566, P<0.05). The positive expression intensity of PD-1 in cancer tissues was negatively correlated with the pathological differentiation (rs=-0.513, P<0.05), whereas the serum level of sPD-1 was positively correlated with pathological differentiation (rs=0.536, P<0.05). Significant difference was observed in the overall survival between high and low PD-1 expression groups by Meta-analysis (HR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.02-1.65, P<0.05). The serum level of sPD-1 was not correlated with the overall survival (HR=0.95, 95%CI: 0.32-2.97, P>0.05).

Conclusions

The serum level ofsPD-1 in HCC patients is negatively correlated with the expression intensity of PD-1 in cancer tissues, and both of them are associated with the pathological differentiation. HCC patients with high expression of PD-1 in cancer tissues have poorer prognosis.

Key words: Carcinoma, hepatocellular, soluble programmed death-1 (sPD-1), Programmed death-1 (PD-1), Prognosis, Meta-analysis

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