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中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (04) : 537 -542. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3232.2024.04.017

临床研究

腹腔镜下经胆囊管胆总管探查取石术治疗胆总管结石的临床疗效
滕达1,(), 许悦2, 张萌1   
  1. 1. 239000 安徽省滁州市,安徽医科大学附属滁州医院肝胆胰脾外科一病区
    2. 239000 安徽省滁州市,安徽医科大学附属滁州医院超声医学中心
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-21 出版日期:2024-08-10
  • 通信作者: 滕达
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省卫生健康科研项目(AHWJ2022b120); 安徽医科大学青年科学基金(2021xkj084)

Clinical efficacy of laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct exploration for common bile duct stones

Da Teng1,(), Yue Xu2, Meng Zhang1   

  1. 1. Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Spleen Surgery, Chuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou 239000, China
    2. Ultrasound Medical Center, Chuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou 239000, China
  • Received:2024-03-21 Published:2024-08-10
  • Corresponding author: Da Teng
引用本文:

滕达, 许悦, 张萌. 腹腔镜下经胆囊管胆总管探查取石术治疗胆总管结石的临床疗效[J]. 中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志, 2024, 13(04): 537-542.

Da Teng, Yue Xu, Meng Zhang. Clinical efficacy of laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct exploration for common bile duct stones[J]. Chinese Journal of Hepatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2024, 13(04): 537-542.

目的

探讨腹腔镜下经胆囊管胆总管探查取石术(LTCBDE)治疗胆总管结石的安全性及疗效。

方法

回顾性分析2020年1月至2022年12月安徽医科大学附属滁州医院收治的103例胆总管结石患者临床资料。患者均签署知情同意书,符合医学伦理学规定。其中男46例,女57例;年龄16~80岁,中位年龄56岁。根据手术方式的不同分为LTCBDE组(41例)和胆总管切开取石+T管引流组(TTD组,62例)。两组胆总管结石数量、大小、胆总管直径、围手术期指标、术后肝功能比较采用秩和检验。率的比较采用χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法。

结果

所有患者均顺利完成手术,无中转开腹,无发生围手术期死亡。LTCBDE组结石数量中位数为1(1,1)枚,明显少于TTD组的2(1,3)枚(Z=-4.296,P<0.05);结石直径为5(5,6)mm,明显少于TTD组的8(5,10)mm(Z=-4.013,P<0.05)。LTCBDE组手术时间为70(63,78)min,明显短于TTD组的114(88,146)min(Z=-6.639,P<0.05)。LTCBDE组引流管留置率为54%(22/41),明显低于TTD组的100%(62/62) (P<0.05);引流量为20(15,36)ml,明显少于TTD组的60(50,70)ml(Z=-6.562,P<0.05);引流管留置时间为4(4,5)d,明显少于TTD组的7(6,8)d(Z=-6.188,P<0.05)。LTCBDE组术后住院时间为5(3,7)d,明显短于TTD组的10(8,13)d(Z=-7.738,P<0.05);治疗费用为1.2(1.1,1.3)万元,明显少于TTD组的2.0(1.9,2.4)万元(Z=-8.078,P<0.05)。LTCBDE组术后ALT、AST、ALP和GGT均明显低于TTD组(Z=-2.372,-1.988,-2.230,-2.341;P<0.05)。LTCBDE组急性胆管炎、结石复发、胆总管狭窄为2、0、0例,TTD组相应为3、3、1例,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

LTCBDE操作简便,可最大限度减少胆总管损伤的风险,加快术后快速康复,是一种安全有效的治疗方式,尤其适合以直径≤5 mm的单发结石患者。

Objective

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct exploration (LTCBDE) in the treatment of common bile duct stones.

Methods

Clinical data of 103 patients with common bile duct stones admitted to Chuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received. Among them, 46 patients were male and 57 female, aged from 16 to 80 years, with a median age of 56 years. According to different surgical methods, all patients were divided into the LTCBDE group (n=41) and choledocholithotomy+T tube drainage group (TTD group, n=62). The number and size of common bile duct stones, common bile duct diameter, perioperative parameters and postoperative liver function between two groups were compared by rank-sum test. The rates were compared by Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test.

Results

All patients successfully completed the surgery. No conversion to open surgery was performed. No perioperative death occurred. The median number of stones in the LTCBDE group was 1(1,1), significantly less than 2(1,3) in the TTD group (Z=-4.296, P<0.05). The diameter of stones in the LTCBDE group was 5(5,6) mm, significantly less than 8(5,10) mm in the TTD group (Z=-4.013, P<0.05). The operation time in the LTCBDE group was 70(63,78) min, significantly shorter than 114(88,146) min in the TTD group (Z=-6.639, P<0.05). The indwelling rate of drainage catheter in the LTCBDE group was 54%(22/41), significantly lower than 100%(62/62) in the TTD group (P<0.05). The drainage volume in the LTCBDE group was 20(15,36) ml, significantly less than 60(50,70) ml in the TTD group (Z=-6.562, P<0.05). The indwelling time of drainage catheter in the LTCBDE group was 4(4,5) d, significantly shorter than 7(6,8) d in the TTD group (Z=-6.188, P<0.05). The length of postoperative hospital stay in the LTCBDE group was 5(3,7) d, significantly shorter than 10(8,13) d in the TTD group (Z=-7.738, P<0.05). The treatment expense in the LTCBDE group was 12 000(11 000, 13 000) Yuan, significantly less than 20 000(19 000, 24 000) Yuan in the TTD group (Z=-8.078, P<0.05). The ALT, AST, ALP and GGT levels in the LTCBDE group were significantly lower than those in the TTD group (Z=-2.372, -1.988, -2.230, -2.341; P<0.05). In the LTCBDE group, acute cholangitis was reported in 2 cases, and no patient developed stone recurrence and common bile duct stenosis, and 3 cases of acute cholangitis, 3 cases of stone recurrence and 1 case of common bile duct stenosis in the TTD group, with no statistical significance between two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusions

LTCBDE is a simple, safe and effective treatment, which can minimize the risk of common bile duct injury and accelerate rapid postoperative recovery, especially for patients with a single stone with a diameter of ≤ 5 mm.

图1 LTCBDE术中情况注:经胆囊管残端电子胆道镜置入探查胆总管,LTCBDE为腹腔镜下经胆囊管胆总管探查取石术
表1 LTCBDE组和TTD组胆总管结石患者一般资料比较
表2 LTCBDE组和TTD组胆总管结石患者围手术期情况比较
表3 LTCBDE组和TTD组胆总管结石患者术后肝功能比较[MQ1Q3)]
表4 LTCBDE组和TTD组胆总管结石患者术后并发症情况比较(例)
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